Cenários de causas de Incêndios
ABSTRACT
For years fires have devastated rural areas, destroying properties, causing economic damages, and killing people in mainland Portugal. After the forest fires of 2003, 2005 and 2007 the need to intensify and develop work strategies to reduce the number of ignitions leveraged, to a better landscape planning and management of these areas in a for minimizing the risk and to reduce the number of ignitions and burnt areas. The present study is based on risk analysis of the rural fire causes, developing probability scenarios for each of the fire causes, using fire behaviour models and estimation of the location of the causes by means of kriging indicator, in addition to using the recurrence of fires for scenario modelling. The study presented satisfactory results, regarding the modelling of scenarios for the different causes of fires separately, managing to portray the susceptibility of each cause of fire transcribing to a success curve and a prediction curve, in addition to classifying the areas of susceptibility to the causes, such as in the intentional cause that obtained an average success of 78% in relation to 68% of average burned area. Besides, for the negligent cause, we obtained an average of 78% of success for 68% average burned area. The natural cause hold 41% success for a 78% burnt area, the re-ignition cause had 46% success for an 81% burnt area, and for an undetermined cause there is an average success rate of 60% for 76% of burned area. Safeguarding the good compromise between the variables and the quality of the final product, devoutly validated. The generated maps show satisfactory efficiency in predicting the susceptibility of fire causes for mainland Portugal. This cartography that serves as a fundamental support for the planning of awareness-raising actions, for the planning of surveillance in forest areas and for the management measures and prioritization of areas, for the management of forest fuel. The identification of the susceptibility of the cause of fire leads us to look at the territory and direct the management model based on the problem that we may have associated with susceptibility.
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